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Milling Geometry 245

Metal Cutting Training

Class Information

Tooling U classes are offered at the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels. The typical class consists of 12 to 25 lessons and typically requires at least two hours of instruction time.

Class Name:	Milling Geometry 245
Description:	This class identifies and explains the face mill and end mill tool angles that impact a milling operation. Includes an Interactive Lab.
Prerequisites:	200120 200140
Difficulty:	Intermediate
Number of Lessons:	15

Class Outline
Objectives The Importance of Milling Geometry Single-Point vs. Multi-Point Tools Milling Cutter Terms Lead Angle Axial Rake Angle Radial Rake Angle Helix Angle Double Positive Geometry Positive/Negative Geometry Double Negative Geometry Lands Wipers Relief and Clearance Angles Summary

Class Objectives

Identify the major types of milling cutters.
Define intermittent cutting as it relates to milling.
Identify the major parts of the milling cutter.
Describe the lead angle of a milling cutter.
Describe the axial rake angle of a milling cutter.
Describe the radial rake angle of a milling cutter.
Describe the helix angle of a milling cutter.
Define double positive milling geometry.
Define positive/negative milling geometry.
Define double negative milling geometry.
Identify the role of the land.
Identify the role of the wiper.
Distinguish between relief and clearance angles.

Class Vocabulary
axial rake angle		Looking at the edge of the insert, the angle formed between the edge of the insert and the center axis of the cutter. It describes how the edge of the insert aligns with the cutter axis.
double negative geometry		Tool orientation that uses a combination of negative axial and radial rake angles.
double positive geometry		Tool orientation that uses a combination of positive axial and radial rake angles.
end mill		A milling cutter that performs a mix of peripheral and face milling. End milling engages the bottom and edges of the milling cutter.
face cutting edge		The edge on the end or bottom of a milling cutter that cuts metal.
face mill		A milling cutter that cuts metal with its face. Face milling creates large flat surfaces.
fillet		The most interior part of the flute containing a curved surface, or radius.
flute		A groove on the periphery of a cutter that allows for chip flow away from the cut.
helix angle		The angle created by the edge of the helix and the center axis of the tool.
intermittent cutting		A cut in which one or more edges of the cutting tool are not in constant contact with the workpiece surface.
land		A straight edge on the corner of an insert.
lead angle		Looking at the side of a milling cutter, the angle that is formed between the outer edge of the insert and the center axis of the cutter.
milling geometry		The angles that describe the orientation of the milling tool in a milling operation.
parallel land		The straight surface on the outer edge of an insert at a point. The parallel land travels parallel to the cutter rotation and improves surface finish.
peripheral cutting edge		The edge on the outside of a milling cutter that cuts metal.
pitch		The relative quantity of teeth on the periphery of the milling cutter. Pitch ranges from coarse to fine.
positive/negative geometry		Tool orientation that uses a combination of positive axial rake and negative radial rake angles.
radial rake angle		Looking at the radius, the angle formed by the radius and the tooth face. The radial rake angle describes how close to the cutter radius the face of the insert sits.
single-point tool		A cutting tool that has a single cutting edge.
teeth		The cutting points on a cutting tool.
tooth face		The surface where chips flow after separating from the workpiece.
wiper		A parallel land that adds a better finish to a milled surface.