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Basics of the CNC Turning Center 120

CNC Training

Class Information

ToolingU.com classes are offered at the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels. The typical class consists of 12 to 25 lessons and will take approximately one hour to complete.

Class Name:	Basics of the CNC Turning Center 120
Description:	This class describes the basic components of the turning center as well as the devices used on this machine. Includes an Interactive Lab.
Prerequisites:	none
Difficulty:	Beginner
Number of Lessons:	15
Language:	English, Spanish, Chinese

Below are all the competencies and job programs that contain the class Basics of the CNC Turning Center 120 . Job programs are our traditional class lists organized according to common job functions. Competencies are our latest job-specific curricula that help tie online learning to practical, hands-on tasks.

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Competencies	Show All
CNC Lathe Operator Maintenance Electrician Maintenance Machinist

Class Outline
Objectives What Is the Lathe? History of the Lathe Types of Turning Centers How the Turning Center Works Common Components of the Turning Center How the Turning Center Cuts Cutting Variables Outer Diameter Operations Inner Diameter Operations Cutting Tools for the Turning Center Toolholders for the Turning Center The Turret of the Turning Center Workholders for the Turning Center Summary

Class Objectives

Describe the lathe.
Identify the different types of lathes.
Describe the two setups for the CNC turning center.
Identify the components of the CNC turning center.
Explain how the turning center cuts parts.
Describe the variables that impact cutting.
Describe common outer diameter operations.
Describe common inner diameter operations.
List cutting tools used on the turning center.
Describe toolholders used on the turning center.
Describe how the turret works.
Define workholders used on the turning center.

Class Vocabulary
automatic bar machine		A turning machine that continuously cuts a number of parts from a piece of bar stock, one after another. The bar stock advances through the spindle and is held by the collet during the operation.
axis		An imaginary straight line that passes through the center of an object.
ballscrew		The threaded device that controls the precise movement of the various turning center components.
bar machine		A turning machine that continuously cuts a number of parts from a piece of bar stock, one after another. The bar stock advances through the spindle and a collet during the operation.
bar stock		Raw material purchased from metal manufacturers in the form of long bars.
bed		The base of a lathe that supports the headstock, tailstock, and the ways.
boring		The process of using a single-point tool to enlarge a preexisting hole.
boring bar		A long bar used to position a single-point tool for boring operations.
carbide insert		A cutting bit made of hard material that has multiple cutting edges. Once a cutting edge is excessively worn, it can be indexed to another edge, or the insert can be replaced.
carriage		The section of the turning center that slides back and forth along the ways and supports the cross slide and turret.
center		The device located in the tailstock that supports the end of the workpiece opposite the spindle.
chuck		A device that holds a workpiece in place as it rotates. The chuck commonly has three or four jaws that can be adjusted to fit various sizes.
chucker		A turning machine that requires an operator to load one workpiece at a time.
collet		A slitted device that holds a workpiece in place as it rotates. A collet has a hole through which the workpiece passes, and it is designed to hold specific dimensions. Collets can also be used to hold cutting tools.
contour turning		An operation performed on a lathe that feeds a tool along a curved line in order to create curved, cylindrical shapes.
cross slide		The device supported by the carriage that positions the turret toward and away from the workpiece.
cutoff		An operation performed on the lathe that uses a cutting tool to separate a part from the rest of the stock.
cutoff tool		A cutting tool used on a lathe that separates a part from the rest of the stock.
depth of cut		The thickness of the material that is removed by one pass of the cutting tool over the workpiece.
drilling		The process of using a multi-point tool to penetrate the surface of a workpiece and make a round hole.
drills		A multi-point tool used to penetrate the surface of a workpiece and make a round hole.
drive		The main mechanism that powers the rotation of the workpiece.
engine lathe		The original and most basic type of lathe.
facing		An operation performed on a lathe that feeds a single-point tool into the end of a cylindrical workpiece to create a flat surface.
feed rate		The speed at which the cutting tool of a lathe moves along the length of a workpiece.
headstock		The end of a lathe that holds the spindle and the drive that rotates the workpiece.
high-speed steel		A tool steel used to machine metals at high cutting speeds. High-speed steel stays hard at high temperatures and resists abrasion.
horizontal turning machine		A turning machine in which the spindle axis is parallel to the ground.
indexed		The precise positioning of a tool during an operation.
inner diameter operations		Cutting operations that take place on the interior surface or hole of a cylindrical workpiece.
lathe		A tool commonly used to machine cylindrical forms. It is generally considered the backbone of the machine shop.
live tooling		A feature that equips the turret with power-driven cutting tools such as end mills and drills. These tools can perform cutting operations off-center while the workpiece is held still in the spindle.
mills		A multi-point tool that is used to remove metal from the surface of a workpiece.
OD chamfering		An operation performed on a lathe that feeds a tool to create an angled edge on the workpiece.
OD grooving		An operation performed on the lathe that creates a circular channel or passageway around the exterior of a workpiece.
OD threading		The process used to machine a long, spiraling ridge down the outer surface of a workpiece.
outer diameter operation		Cutting operations that take place on the outer surface of a cylindrical workpiece.
parts catcher		A device used to catch a part once it is separated from the stock in a bar machine.
reamer		A multi-point cutting tool with straight cutting edges used to enlarge or smooth holes that have been previously drilled.
reaming		The process of using a multi-point tool to smooth the interior surface of a hole.
rotational speed		The speed at which a workpiece spins on a lathe.
servomotor		A special motor used in CNC machines that turns the ballscrew to move parts with precision.
single-point tool		A machining tool that has one single cutting edge.
spindle		The device located in the headstock that holds the workpiece in place to rotate it.
stock		Raw material that is used to make manufactured parts.
stock stand		A long structure that supports bar stock as it passes through the bar machine.
tailstock		The device at the end of a lathe that supports the end of longer workpieces.
taper turning		An operation performed on a lathe that feeds a tool at an angle to the length of the workpiece in order to create a conical shape.
thread		A long, spiraling ridge that winds down the length of a workpiece.
tolerance		The unwanted but acceptable deviation from a desired dimension.
toolholder		The device used to rigidly hold a carbide insert in place. Toolholders are available in standardized sizes.
turning		The machining process used to make cylindrical parts. Turning is commonly performed with a lathe.
turning center		A lathe that is controlled by a computer running programs driven by numerical data. Sophisticated turning centers can also perform a variety of drilling and milling operations.
turret		The component of a lathe that holds a number of cutting tools. The turret rotates to place tools in the cutting position.
turret lathe		A lathe that contains a turret. The turret holds several tools for machining.
vertical turning machine		A turning machine in which the spindle axis is perpendicular to the ground floor.
ways		Two precisely measured, parallel tracks that support and guide the movement of the carriage and cross slide.
workholder		A device used to hold a workpiece.
workpiece		The part that is being machined.