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algorithm
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A mathematical process designed to systematically solve a problem.
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AML
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A Manufacturing Language. A robot programming language developed by IBM.
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axes
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The plural of axis. An axis is an imaginary straight line or circle used to describe the location or movement of an object in the Cartesian coordinate system.
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BASIC
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The Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. An early computer programming language that is sometimes used with robots.
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C
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A general purpose programming language that is used on robots.
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CAD/CAM
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Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing. A computer graphics program that is used to design products.
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Cartesian coordinate system
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A numerical system that describes the location of an object by numerically expressing its distance from a fixed position along three linear axes.
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Cartesian coordinates
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A numerical system that describes the location of an object by numerically expressing its distance from a fixed position along three linear axes.
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continuous path control
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A type of robot programming that has the manipulator move smoothly without stopping along its path.
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control system
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A method of directing the type of path a robot takes.
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controller
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The main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a robot. Also known as the processor.
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degrees of freedom
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The ability to move in a specific direction. Robots can have up to 6 degrees of freedom.
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end-effector
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The end component of a robotic arm that is shaped like a hand or like a specialized tool. Also known as end-of-arm tool (EOAT).
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E-stop
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A switch that brings a robot to safe, rapid stop. Also called an emergency stop.
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FORTRAN
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FORmula TRANslation. A high-level programming language for robots that is also used for scientific, engineering, and mathematical applications.
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forward kinematics
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The calculating of the position or motion of each robotic link as a function of joint displacements.
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frame
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A self-contained group of coordinates that describes both a robot's position and its orientation.
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industrial robot
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A programmable mechanical device that is used in place of a person to perform dangerous or repetitive tasks with a high degree of accuracy.
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inverse kinematics
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The calculating of joint displacements needed to move the end-effector to a desired position and orientation.
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joint
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The location at which two or more parts of a robotic arm make contact. Joints allow parts to move in different directions.
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Karel
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A proprietary robot programming language developed by FANUC Robotics.
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kinematics
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The science of motion without regard for the forces that cause that motion. In robotics, kinematics involves studying the mapping of coordinates in motion.
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lead-through programming
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A programming method in which a robot is placed in "teach mode" while the trainer uses a remote teach pendant to manipulate the robot through the different steps of the job. Also known as teach pendant programming.
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offline programming
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A programming method in which the trainer writes a program and uploads it to the robot.
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online programming
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A programming method that requires the robot to remain ON in order to learn. Also known as teach programming.
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orientation
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The alignment of the robot in relation to its position, i.e., up, down, left, right.
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path
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The route taken by a robot to travel from one location to another.
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pick and place
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The process of picking up an object or part in one location and placing it in another location. Pick and place robots are popular in production lines.
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point
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A precise location in two or three-dimensional space.
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point to point control
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A type of robot programming that has the manipulator reach a set point, stop, complete its task, and then move to the next set point.
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position
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A robot's location in three-dimensional space.
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processor
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The main device that processes information and carries out instructions in a robot. Also known as the controller.
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programming arm
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A tool used by programmers to physically move the robot through different steps of the job process.
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proprietary language
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A programming language that has been developed privately by a manufacturer for its own brand of robots.
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ROBOGUIDE
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A robot simulator program developed by FANUC Robotics.
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robot engineer
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A person whose job is to design robots, develop new applications for robots, and conduct research into robot capabilities. Robot engineers typically have four years of college education and a graduate degree.
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robot programming
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The process of entering information such as velocity and travel time into the robot's processor.
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sensor
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A device that detects the presence or absence of an object, or certain properties of that object, and provides feedback. Sensors allow robots to interact with their environment.
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simulator
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A software application that creates a virtual world in which robots can be tested.
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teach pendant
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A hand-held device that can be used to program a robot and control its movements.
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teach pendant programming
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A programming method in which a robot is placed in "teach mode" while the trainer uses a remote teach pendant to manipulate the robot through the different steps of the job. Also known as lead-through programming.
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teach programming
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A programming method that requires the robot to remain ON in order to learn. Also known as online programming.
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tool coordinates
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A coordinate system that uses the tool at the end of the robot's arm as the point of origin.
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VAL
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A robot programming language developed by Unimate.
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walk-through programming
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A programming method in which the trainer physically moves the robot through different steps of the job process.
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world coordinates
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A coordinate system that uses the robot’s mounting base as a point of origin.
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X-axis
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The linear axis representing side-to-side movement in a robot.
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Y-axis
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The linear axis representing back and forth movement in a robot.
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Z-axis
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The linear axis that represents up and down movement in a robot.
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