|
acute reaction
|
A response to chemical exposure that occurs suddenly or over a short period of time.
|
|
airborne
|
A substance that is moved through or by the air. Dust and mist are examples of airborne substances.
|
|
batch ticket
|
The documentation that accompanies a group or quantity of a product. Batch tickets are often used for inventory control.
|
|
blood toxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the blood or harms blood production. Blood toxins, known as hematopoietics, can prevent the blood from carrying oxygen to cells.
|
|
carcinogen
|
A chemical that causes cancer.
|
|
chemical
|
Any substance, or mixture of substances. Chemicals may be in the form of solids, liquids, or gases, and may consist of an element such as hydrogen, or a combination of elements, such as water, or saltwater.
|
|
chronic effect
|
A response to a chemical that occurs after a long period of exposure.
|
|
compliance officer
|
An OSHA representative who enforces OSHA standards through inspection and investigation.
|
|
compressed gas
|
Any gas held under pressure in a gas cylinder. Gas under pressure may pose a physical hazard from explosion.
|
|
cornea
|
The clear, outer portion of the eye. The cornea is the covering over the iris.
|
|
corrosive
|
A chemical that causes visible destruction to or permanent alteration of human tissue. Corrosives will "eat away" skin.
|
|
cutaneous hazard
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the skin or dermal layer, which is the body's largest organ.
|
|
distributors
|
A company or other entity that sells and ships chemicals produced by others to employers and worksites.
|
|
dosage
|
A measurable amount of exposure to a substance or a hazard.
|
|
explosion hazards
|
A chemical that is likely to blow up.
|
|
eye hazard
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the eyes.
|
|
fire hazard
|
A chemical that is likely to burn or support fire.
|
|
Globally Harmonized System
|
An international standard for communicating chemical hazards through signs, labeling, and safety data sheets. The GHS is intended to provide employees with similar hazard communication information worldwide.
|
|
hazard communication
|
The means through which employers inform their employees about hazards in the workplace, including training and SDS.
|
|
Hazard Communication Standard
|
An established OSHA policy that sets guidelines for hazard communication. The HCS emphasizes labeling, SDS, and training, and is aligned with the Globally Harmonized System (GHS).
|
|
hazardous waste
|
Waste that poses a risk to human health or the environment. Hazardous waste requires special types of storage and disposal to make it harmless or less dangerous.
|
|
health hazard
|
A chemical that is capable of causing an acute reaction, a chronic effect, or both. Health hazards can affect the whole body or a particular organ.
|
|
hematopoietic toxin
|
A chemical that damages the blood or blood production. Blood toxins can prevent the blood from carrying oxygen to cells.
|
|
hepatoxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the liver.
|
|
highly toxic agent
|
A chemical that has been shown to cause death in lab rats that receive relatively low dosages.
|
|
industrial hygienist
|
A person trained to anticipate, recognize, evaluate, and develop controls for occupational health and environmental hazards.
|
|
irritant
|
A chemical that causes inflammation and swelling in human tissue. Irritation is generally a short-term effect.
|
|
labels
|
A printed form of identification that is attached to a container. OSHA requires chemical labels to have specific content.
|
|
mixture
|
A substance consisting of two or more separate substances that are mixed. Saltwater is a mixture of salt and water.
|
|
nephrotoxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the kidneys.
|
|
nervous system
|
The system that includes the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. The nervous system controls all the body's functions.
|
|
neurotoxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord.
|
|
organic peroxide
|
A type of reactive hazard that can catch fire on its own.
|
|
oxidizer
|
Any substance that may trigger or promote flammability in another substance.
|
|
personal protective equipment
|
Any example of various safety equipment that workers wear or use to prevent injury in the workplace. Safety glasses are common personal protective equipment (PPE).
|
|
physical hazard
|
A chemical hazard that can cause bodily harm or injuries such as burns. These injuries may occur when chemicals ignite or explode.
|
|
pictogram
|
An illustration of a hazard, intended to be understood even if the viewer cannot read. There are eight pictograms required for use on labels by the GHS.
|
|
pyrophoric
|
Pyrophorics will ignite when exposed to air. Many pyrophorics will also ignite when in contact with water.
|
|
reactive hazards
|
A chemical that is likely to catch fire or explode on its own or when exposed to water.
|
|
reproductive toxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in male or female reproductive systems or organs, such as the ovaries, or harms unborn fetuses.
|
|
respiratory toxin
|
A chemical that causes damage to or disease in the lungs or another part of the breathing system.
|
|
safety data sheet
|
SDS. Mandatory information that must accompany almost every chemical in the workplace except for items like cleaning supplies. An SDS includes details such as the hazards, precautions, and first-aid procedures associated with the chemical.
|
|
self-heating
|
Any non-pyrophoric substance that will heat up when in contact with air. Self-heating substances will usually ignite only when in large quantities or only after a long period of exposure to air.
|
|
sensitizer
|
A chemical that causes an allergic reaction, such as hives or breathing problems.
|
|
substance
|
Any chemical element, or combination of elements.
|
|
systemic effect
|
A response to chemical exposure that affects the whole body. Systemic illnesses may cause symptoms in one or two areas, but the whole body is affected.
|
|
target organ hazard
|
A response to chemical exposure that affects a particular organ or system, such as the lungs or liver.
|
|
toxic agent
|
A chemical that has been shown to cause death in lab rats that receive relatively high dosages.
|
|
toxicologist
|
A scientist trained to study the nature and effects of chemicals on living organisms.
|
|
trade associations
|
A professional group that promotes a particular industry. Trade associations often offer assistance and training to members and develop industry standards.
|
|
water reactive
|
A chemical that will explode or catch fire when exposed to water.
|