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aluminum alloy
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A silvery white metal that is soft, light, and has a high strength-to-weight ratio.
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ball bearing system
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A guiding system consisting of ball cages that position ball bearings between the guide post and bushing surfaces. Ball bearing systems require less lubrication and offer improved alignment.
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ball cage
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A component attached to a guide post that houses multiple ball bearings. Ball cages travel along the guide post during operation.
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bearing
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A hardened, spherical ball that spins between two surfaces and reduces friction.
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boss
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A general term for any protrusion or component that "sticks out."
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bronze
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An alloy of copper and tin. Bronze offers a balance of strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.
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bushing
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A hardened metal tube assembled in a die shoe that fits over a matching guide post.
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clearance
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A type of fit designed with a small amount of space for easy removal.
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die shoe
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A metal plate onto which the various die set components are mounted. Die sets typically contain an upper and lower die shoe.
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graphite
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A soft, black carbon-based material that can be used as a lubricant.
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grinding
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The use of an abrasive tool to wear away at a surface. Grinding is often used to tighten tolerances and improve surface finish.
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guide post
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A hardened cylindrical rod used to guide and align the die shoes. Guide posts are fitted into a matching bushing.
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guiding system
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The assembled components within a die set responsible for the proper alignment and guidance of the die shoes.
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heel block guiding system
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A guiding system that incorporates bosses and wear plates to increase rigidity.
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honing
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A precision abrasion process in which a relatively small amount of material is removed from a surface by means of abrasive stones.
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interference
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A type of fit designed with a small degree of overlap to prevent removal.
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lubricant
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A fluid used to reduce the friction between components.
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oil groove
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A patterned, internal channel or slot within a bushing that encourages the flow of a lubricant.
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plain bearing system
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A guiding system consisting of plain guide posts and bushings with finished surfaces that directly contact one another. Plain bearing systems require lubrication.
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porosity
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The amount of small spaces or voids within a solid material. Porous materials can absorb fluids.
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preloading
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An intentional interference fit between a guide post and bushing. Ball bearing systems are often preloaded.
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press fit bushing
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A type of bushing designed for an interference fit within the die shoe.
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press fit guide post
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A type of guide post designed for an interference fit within the die shoe.
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self-lubricating bushing
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A bushing containing numerous graphite plugs that store and slowly release a lubricating oil.
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shoulder
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A ring or collar around a component that provides a clamping surface.
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slip fit bushing
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A type of bushing designed for a clearance fit within the die shoe. Slip fit bushings are held in place with clamps.
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slip fit guide post
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A type of guide post designed for a clearance fit within the die shoe. Slip fit guide posts are held in place with clamps.
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steel
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A metal consisting of iron and carbon, usually with small amounts of other elements. Steel is the most common manufacturing metal.
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stroke length
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The distance marked by the farthest ends of reciprocating vertical movement of the press ram.
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toe clamp
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A type of clamp with a serrated surface that reaches forward and down to grip the workpiece.
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wear plate
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A component used to reduce wear and add support. Wear plates used within die sets often contain self-lubricating graphite plugs.
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