What is the definition of "polar attraction"?
The process through which a PSA cures. Tack, shear strength, and adhesion enable a PSA to cure.

Learn more about polar attraction in the class Types of Adhesives 140 below.


Adhesives Training


Class Information
Tooling U classes are offered at the beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels. The typical class consists of 12 to 25 lessons and will take approximately one hour to complete.
Class Name:Types of Adhesives 140
Description:This class describes the characteristics, pros and cons, and applications of types of synthetic adhesives.
Prerequisites: none
Difficulty:Beginner
Number of Lessons:20
Language:English, Spanish

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Below are all the competencies and job programs that contain the class Types of Adhesives 140. Job programs are our traditional class lists organized according to common job functions. Competencies are our latest job-specific curricula that help tie online learning to practical, hands-on tasks.

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Class Outline
  • Objectives
  • Synthetic Adhesives
  • Structural Adhesives
  • Structural Adhesives: Epoxies
  • Chemical Properties of Epoxies
  • Structural Adhesives: Urethanes
  • Chemical Properties of Urethanes
  • Structural Adhesives: Acrylics
  • Chemical Properties of Acrylics
  • Structural Adhesives: Cyanoacrylates
  • Chemical Properties of Cyanoacrylates
  • Structural Adhesives: Silicones
  • Chemical Properties of Silicones
  • Structural Adhesives: Anaerobics
  • Chemical Properties of Anaerobic Adhesives
  • Non-Structural Adhesives: Hot Melts
  • Properties of Hot Melts
  • Nonstructural Adhesives: Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives
  • Properties of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives
  • Summary
  
Class Objectives
  • Describe synthetic adhesives.
  • Describe structural adhesives.
  • Describe epoxy adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of epoxy adhesives.
  • Describe urethane adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of urethane adhesives.
  • Describe acrylic adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of acrylic adhesives.
  • Describe cyanoacrylate adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of cyanoacrylate adhesives.
  • Describe silicone adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of silicone adhesives.
  • Describe anaerobic adhesives.
  • Describe the chemical properties of anaerobic adhesives.
  • Describe hot melts.
  • Describe the properties of hot melts.
  • Describe pressure-sensitive adhesives.
  • Describe the properties of pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Class Vocabulary

Vocabulary TermDefinition
accelerator A substance used to speed the curing time of a cyanoacrylate adhesive.
acetic acid A byproduct of the vulcanization reaction. Silicones cure through vulcanization.
acrylic adhesive A type of structural adhesive made from acrylic, a manufactured polymer. Acrylic adhesives set rapidly and are very strong due to heavy cross-linking.
acrylic adhesive A type of structural adhesive made from acrylic, a manufactured polymer. UV-curing acrylics typically cure in less than one minute.
active surface A surface with ample ions that leave the surface and react with an anaerobic adhesive. Active surfaces enable the fastest curing of an anaerobic adhesive.
additive An element often mixed with resin to assist in the curing of an adhesive. A toughening agent is an additive.
adhesion The measure of the bond strength between an adhesive and a surface. Adhesion assists in the curing of a PSA.
adhesive A nonmetallic material used to join two or more materials together. Adhesives are generally categorized as natural or synthetic.
adhesive bond The process of binding a material to a surface using any number of adhesive substances.
ambient temperature The temperature of the atmosphere. Urethane adhesives are sensitive to ambient temperature.
anaerobic adhesive A type of structural adhesive that can only cure in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic adhesives are used to make parts that require a tight seal.
benzoyl peroxide A curing agent typically used to cure two-component acrylics.
blooming The condensation of evaporated adhesive on a part. Blooming occurs most often with cyanoacrylates.
carrier The backing material to which pressure-sensitive adhesives stick. The carrier acts as a mode of transport for the adhesive.
catalyst Also called the curing agent or hardener, the substance that hardens the adhesive when mixed with resin.
catalyst system The method by which acrylic adhesives cure. Most acrylics cure through a two part catalyst system.
chemical activator A substance that speeds the polymerization of a cyanoacrylate adhesive.
chemical resistance A material's ability to withstand exposure to chemicals. Several structural adhesives have strong chemical resistance.
chlorosulphonated polyethylene A toughening agent that typically assists in the curing of acrylics.
cohesive strength The internal strength of the adhesive. Epoxies have high cohesive strength.
creep The deformation of a material that occurs over time due to the presence of a constant load. A PSA must have the ability to resist creep.
cure To cross-link molecules permanently. Adhesives cure as they solidify.
curing agent Also called a hardener or catalyst, the substance that hardens the adhesive when mixed with resin.
cyanoacrylate adhesive A type of structural adhesive made form acrylic, a manufactured polymer. Cyanoacrylates bond with surfaces very quickly.
elastic Capable of resuming original shape after experiencing temporary deformation. Silicone adhesives are elastic once cured.
elasticity The measure of a material's ability to reshape itself after it has been stretched or deformed. A rubber band is an example of an object with high elasticity.
elastomer A formation of a thermoplastic or thermoset that can stretch and then return to its original shape without permanent deformation.
epoxy adhesive A type of structural adhesive made from epoxy, a manufactured polymer. Epoxy adhesives are strong and resilient and can bond with a variety of surfaces.
glass transition temperature Tg. The temperature at which a hot melt changes from a brittle, glassy condition to a soft, pliable condition.
hardener Also called the curing agent or catalyst, the substance that hardens the adhesive when mixed with resin.
heat resistance A material's ability to withstand heat. Several structural adhesives have strong heat resistance.
hot melt A thermoplastic, non-structural adhesive that flows when heated and hardens and strengthens as it cools. When applied as a melted liquid, a hot melt immediately adheres to a surface.
impermeable surface A surface that cannot be penetrated by any element. Urethanes can bond to impermeable surfaces.
inactive surface A surface that lacks sufficient ions with which to react. An inactive surface requires heat or a primer in order to cure the anaerobic adhesive.
inhibiting surface A surface with a cover that prevents ions from escaping from the surface and reacting. An inhibiting surface requires heat or a prime rto cure the anaerobic adhesive.
ion An atom or molecule that gains an electrical charge after it has either lost or gained electrons. Metal ions assist in curing anaerobic adhesives.
isocyanate resin The resin used to cure urethane adhesives.
joint The location where an adhesive layer holds two surfaces together.
LED Light emitting diode. A semiconductor device that emits a narrow spectrum of light in a forward direction.
load The overall force applied to a material or structure.
low-solvent formulation An adhesive dissolved in a small amount of petroleum-based solvent. The adhesive cures as the solvent evaporates.
melt temperature Tm. The temperature of a hot melt during application.
methyl methacrylate A type of monomer that is odorous and tends to behave unpredictably. Most acrylics are composed of methyl methacrylate monomers.
monomer A small molecule that joins with other molecules to form a polymer. An acrylic is composed of a monomer.
natural adhesive Also called an organic adhesive, an adhesive made from naturally occurring living sources, such as plants and animals.
nonstructural adhesive A synthetic adhesive ideal for applications that do not require high strength or permanent joining. Nonstructural adhesives can be easily unbonded from their surfaces.
one-component formulation A method used to make an adhesive in which the resin and curing agent are packaged together, already mixed.
organic adhesive Also called a natural adhesive, an adhesive made from naturally occurring living sources, such as plants and animals.
peel strength A material's ability to resist forces that attempt to pull an adhesive apart by separating flexible surfaces.
permeable surface A surface that can be penetrated by an element. Urethanes can bond to permeable surfaces.
photoinitiator A curing agent typically used to cure UV-curing acrylics.
polar attraction The process through which a PSA cures. Tack, shear strength, and adhesion enable a PSA to cure.
polymer A material made of very large molecules. Synthetic adhesives are derived from polymers.
polymerization A chemical reaction in which molecules are linked together to form large molecules. Most structural adhesives cure through polymerization.
pressure-sensitive adhesive PSA. A non-structural adhesive that provides instant tackiness to a variety of surfaces. PSAs require minimal pressure to stick to a surface.
primer A liquid material that is used to coat a surface before the adhesive is applied. Primers improve surface conditions and allow for stronger adhesive bonds.
properties The characteristics of a material that distinguish it from other materials.
PSA Pressure-sensitive adhesive. A non-structural adhesive that provides instant tackiness to a variety of surfaces. PSAs require minimal pressure to stick to a surface.
resin A solid or semi-solid organic material that tends to flow when subjected to stress. Resin is mixed with a curing agent to enable an adhesive to cure.
shear strength A material's ability to resist forces that can cause the internal structure of the material to slide against itself.
shear stress A force that can cause the internal structure of a material to slide against itself. A PSA must be able to resist shear stress.
shelf life The length of time an adhesive can be used for its intended application.
silicone adhesive A type of structural adhesive made from silicone, a manufactured polymer. Silicone adhesives are durable and have high elasticity.
solvent A chemical material that can dissolve another material. Adhesives generally are either low-solvent formulations or zero-solvent formulations.
structural adhesive A durable synthetic adhesive designed to endure the duration of the application without undergoing deformation or unbonding from its surfaces. Structural adhesives can withstand heavy loads.
surface moisture Water particles that accumulate on a surface. Silicone adhesives often turn yellow because they react with surface moisture.
synthetic adhesive A man-made adhesive derived from polymers. Synthetic adhesives are produced to have specific chemical characteristics.
Tg Glass transition temperature. The temperature at which a hot melt changes from a brittle, glassy condition to a soft, pliable condition.
Tm Melt temperature. The temperature of a hot melt during application.
tack The property of an adhesive that enables it to bond immediately to a surface.
tackiness The ability of an adhesive to form an immediate bond with a surface upon contact. Pressure-senstive adhesives provide instant tackiness when applied to a surface.
tensile strength A material's ability to resist forces that attempt to stretch it or pull it apart.
thermoplastic A plastic that may be repeatedly heated, shaped, and cooled without damage. Cyanoacrylates are thermoplastic adhesives.
thermoset A type of plastic that is permanently hardened by cooling. Synthetic adhesives are thermosets.
toughening agent An additive mixed with resin to assist in the curing of an adhesive.
two-component formulation A method used to make an adhesive in which the resin and curing agent are packaged separately and mixed prior to or during application.
ultraviolet light UV light. Light not visible to the naked eye because it consists of wavelengths shorter than those of visible light. Most acrylics used today cure with UV light.
urethane adhesive A type of structural adhesive made from urethane, a manufactured polymer. Urethane adhesives are highly flexible and are known for their versatility.
UV light Ultraviolet light. Light that is invisible to the naked eye because it consists of wavelengths shorter than those of visible light. Most acrylics used today cure with UV light.
viscosity A fluid's resistance to flow. The higher the viscosity, the greater a material's ability to resist flow.
vulcanization The process by which silicone adhesives cure. Acetic acid is a byproduct of vulcanization.
wetting The process of spreading an adhesive over a surface. Proper wetting occurs when the adhesive fills all crevices of the surface.
zero-solvent formulation An adhesive dissolved in a substance such as water. The adhesive cures as the water evaporates.