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affected employee
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An employee who normally works on or near a machine that must be locked out for maintenance.
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authorized employee
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An employee who is qualified to lock out machinery and perform maintenance.
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bleeding
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The process of safely removing liquid or gas from a closed system.
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blockout
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A type of energy-isolation device that physically prevents the flow or movement of energy.
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cable tie
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A long, thin plastic or nylon fastening device that locks when the point on one end is threaded through the loop on the other.
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chemical energy
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Power created by the reaction between two or more substances.
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Control of Hazardous Energy
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OSHA's proper title for the lockout/tagout safety standard. The standard protects employees by requiring practices and procedures that prevent accidental machine startup for machines that are undergoing maintenance.
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electrical energy
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A form of power created by the movement of electrons. Electrical energy, or electricity, can cause electric shock.
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energy control program
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A written procedure required by OSHA and developed by the employer that explains how to control hazardous energy in the workplace.
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energy-isolating mechanism
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A mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy, such as a circuit breaker or valve.
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grounding
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Diverting stray electrical current to a neutral source.
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hasp
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A metal or plastic locking mechanism consisting of a hinged closure with a slot that closes over a loop. The loop is then secured with a lock.
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hydraulic energy
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Power created by the compressive force or movement of a liquid in a confined area. Machines that lift objects often use hydraulic energy.
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lockable electric disconnect switch
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A power switch that can be shut off and then locked in the "off" position.
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lockout device
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A device that uses positive means such as a lock and key or combination lock to hold an energy-isolating mechanism in a safe position and prevent equipment or machinery from being energized.
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lockout/tagout
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The common term for OSHA's Control of Hazardous Energy Standard. Lockout/tagout practices protect employees by preventing accidental machine startup through proper locking and labeling of machines that are undergoing maintenance.
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machine guard
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A shield or cover over hazardous areas on a machine to prevent accidental contact with body parts or to prevent debris, such as chips, from exiting the machine.
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maintenance
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The necessary and basic support and repair of machines. Maintenance includes tasks such as lubricating, adjusting, and replacing parts.
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mechanical energy
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A combination of kinetic and potential energy resulting from the force of gravity or the movement or release of a machine component, such as a spring, clamp, or wheel.
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pneumatic energy
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Power created by the compressive force or movement of air or gas in a confined area. Assembly tools often use pneumatic energy to force parts together.
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potential energy
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Power that is stored or suppressed or that exists because of its position and the effects of gravity. Machines that have large components that raise and lower, such as a press, contain potential energy that becomes kinetic energy when it is released.
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print format
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The appearance of letters on the tag or device, including style, color, and size.
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tag attachments
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Devices such as cable ties that connect tags to energy isolation mechanisms or locks.
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tagout device
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A prominent warning device, such as a tag, that can be securely attached to an energy-isolating mechanism to alert employees that equipment is not to be operated until the tag is removed.
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thermal energy
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Power created by or in the form of heat. Heat can be retained in machine parts and cause burns.
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typical minimal lockout procedure
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The minimum steps required to lock out a machine. OSHA provides a form for employers to record these steps, including details about the employees involved and type of energy used.
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